[ Python 文章收集 ] SQLAlchemy ORM - Adding Objects

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Adding Objects 
In the previous chapters of SQLAlchemy ORM, we have learnt how to declare mapping and create sessions. In this chapter, we will learn how to add objects to the table. 

We have declared Customer class that has been mapped to customers table. We have to declare an object of this class and persistently add it to the table by add() method of session object: 

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1. c1 = Customers(name = 'Ravi Kumar', address = 'Station Road Nanded', email = 'ravi@gmail.com')  
2. session.add(c1)  

Note that this transaction is pending until the same is flushed using commit() method: 

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1. session.commit()  

Following is the complete script to add a record in customers table: 

>>> c1 = Customers(name = 'Ravi Kumar', address = 'Station Road Nanded', email = 'ravi@gmail.com')
>>> session.add(c1)
>>> session.commit()
2019-04-10 22:04:42,241 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine INSERT INTO customers (name, address, email) VALUES (%(name)s, %(address)s, %(email)s) RETURNING customers.id
2019-04-10 22:04:42,241 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine {'name': 'Ravi Kumar', 'address': 'Station Road Nanded', 'email': 'ravi@gmail.com'}
2019-04-10 22:04:42,242 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine COMMIT

To add multiple records, we can use add_all() method of the session class: 

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1. session.add_all([  
2.    Customers(name = 'Komal Pande', address = 'Koti, Hyderabad', email = 'komal@gmail.com'),   
3.    Customers(name = 'Rajender Nath', address = 'Sector 40, Gurgaon', email = 'nath@gmail.com'),   
4.    Customers(name = 'S.M.Krishna', address = 'Budhwar Peth, Pune', email = 'smk@gmail.com')]  
5. )  
6.   
7. session.commit()  

Below shows that the records are persistently added in customers table: 

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1. testdb=# SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS;  
2. id |    name    |       address       |     email  
3. ----+------------+---------------------+----------------  
4.   1 | Ravi Kumar | Station Road Nanded | ravi@gmail.com  
5. (1 row)  

Supplement 
* SQLAlchemy ORM - Declaring Mapping & Creating Session