[ Python 常見問題 ] How can I get the IP address from NIC in Python?

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Question
So how can I get the IP address of specific network interface in Python?

HowTo

Method #1 (use external package)
You need to ask for the IP address that is bound to your eth0 interface. This is available from the netifaces package. Before all, let's check out network interfaces:

# ip addr show
...
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:9f:e6:d5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
altname enp2s1
inet 192.168.37.131/24 brd 192.168.37.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft 1672sec preferred_lft 1672sec
inet6 fe80::6b54:4ab:9041:4fcd/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Then check below code snippet for how to retrieve IP address:

>>> import netifaces as ni
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(ni.ifaddresses('ens33'))

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1. {2: [{'addr': '192.168.37.131',  
2.       'broadcast': '192.168.37.255',  
3.       'netmask': '255.255.255.0'}],  
4. 10: [{'addr': 'fe80::6b54:4ab:9041:4fcd%ens33',  
5.        'netmask': 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'}],  
6. 17: [{'addr': '00:0c:29:9f:e6:d5', 'broadcast': 'ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff'}]}  

>>> ni.ifaddresses('ens33')[ni.AF_INET][0]['addr']
'192.168.37.131'
>>> ni.interfaces()
['lo', 'ens33', 'br-85c9ddfa802f', 'docker0', 'br-1f95accf9779', 'br-227986c2fe47']

Method #2 (no external package)
Here's a way to get the IP address without using a python package:

>>> import socket
>>> import fcntl
>>> import struct
>>> socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
'127.0.1.1'
>>> sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
>>> packed_iface = struct.pack('256s', 'ens33'.encode('utf_8'))
>>> packed_addr = fcntl.ioctl(sock.fileno(), 0x8915, packed_iface)[20:24]
>>> socket.inet_ntoa(packed_addr)
'192.168.37.131'